No judicial review
None or infrequent referenda
Frequent referenda
Unicameralism
Weak bicameralism (asymmetrical/congruent chambers)
Medium strength bicameralism (asymmetrical/incongruent or symmetrical/congruent)
Strong bicameralism (symmetrical/incongruent)
Single-member, simple plurality systems
Modified proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR)
Parliamentary system
Semi-presidential dominated by parliament
Hybrid system
Semi-presidential dominated by president
Presidential system
No federalism
Weak federalism
Strong federalism
Single-party majority government
Minimal winning coalition
Surplus coalition
Single-party minority government
Multi-party minority government
Caretaker government
Technocratic government
No change
Change
Hegemony of right/center parties
Dominance of right/center parties
Balance of power between left and right
Dominance of left parties
Hegemony of left parties
Non-EMU
EMU
Non-EU
EU
No
Post-communist
CPDS I